Koruptor Itu Kafir
Thursday, 2 September 2010 (17:16) | 142 views | 950 komentar | Print this Article
Oleh Prof. Dr. Azyumardi Azra, MA (Dewan Pembina ISPI)
Semua warga bangsa tahu belaka, korupsi di Indonesia merupakan semacam penyakit endemis yang sampai sekarang masih merajalela dan sulit tersembuhkan. Penyakit bangsa ini bahkan terlihat kian meruyak. Orang mengatakan, kalau zaman Orba dulu, korupsi terutama terjadi di pusat; kini dengan penerapan otonomi daerah selama enam tahun terakhir, korupsi juga mengalami ‘desentralisasi’-meruyak ke daerah. Dengan begitu, korupsi kini ada di mana-mana, sejak dari tingkat pusat sampai ke daerah.
Jelas ada upaya untuk memerangi korupsi. Kejaksaan membuat target bagi penyelidikan dan pengadilan mereka yang (diduga) terlibat korupsi. Kepolisian juga seolah tidak mau kalah. Meski kedua lembaga ini mencapai hasil tertentu dalam usaha memerangi korupsi, masyarakat umumnya skeptis, karena terdapat oknum jaksa dan Polri yang juga (diduga) terlibat korupsi. Bahkan, tidak jarang kedua lembaga penegak hukum ini terlibat dalam konflik kepentingan melindungi bagian korps masing-masing. Dengan demikian, pemberantasan korupsi di dalam diri mereka sendiri tidak berjalan sebagaimana diharapkan publik.
Lalu, ada lagi Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) yang khusus dibentuk untuk memberantas korupsi. Tetapi, KPK yang semula memberikan cukup banyak harapan, kemudian dipandang kalangan tertentu sebagai ‘superbody’ yang selanjutnya melakukan upaya cukup ‘sistematis’ untuk melemahkan KPK, sehingga hanya dapat mengusut kasus korupsi kelas ‘teri’, tetapi mentok dalam membongkar kasus korupsi kelas superkakap, semacam skandal Bank Century.
Agaknya, realitas pemberantasan korupsi semacam itulah yang membuat koruptor seolah tidak pernah kehilangan nyali dan cara untuk tetap melakukan berbagai bentuk korupsi. Meski jumlah mantan pejabat atau bahkan yang masih aktif sejak dari mantan menteri, gubernur, bupati/wali kota yang terlibat korupsi cukup signifikan, tetap belum ada tanda-tanda meyakinkan korupsi bakal berkurang di negeri ini; apalagi untuk lenyap sepenuhnya.
Berbagai pendekatan dan upaya pemberantasan korupsi kelihatan tidak berhasil. Mulai dari penegakan hukum, adanya KPK, perbaikan gaji, dan pemberian remunerasi tidak mampu mengurangi korupsi. Koruptor tetap saja merajalela. Lalu, pendekatan dan cara apa lagi?
Pendekatan teologis dan agama. Inilah salah satu pendekatan yang boleh jadi dapat membantu pemberantasan korupsi. Dua organisasi Islam terbesar di negeri ini, Muhammadiyah dan NU mencoba melakukan pendekatan teologis ini dengan melakukan telaahan dan rumusan fikih korupsi bekerja sama dengan Kemitraan bagi Pembaruan Tata Pemerintahan (di Indonesia). Hasilnya adalah sebuah buku dengan judul yang bisa membuat orang tersentak: Korupsi itu Kafir (Bandung: Mizan, 2010).
Istilah ‘kafir’ secara konvensional lazimnya digunakan untuk menyebut mereka yang menolak dan mengingkari kebenaran Islam, baik di masa silam maupun sekarang. Istilah ini dalam kenyataannya kurang berkenan bagi mereka yang tidak menerima kebenaran Islam, tegasnya kaum non-Muslim. Bagi mereka, sebutan ‘kafir’ terhadap mereka dalam perasaan mereka bernada merendahkan. Apalagi kalau yang disebut ‘kafir’ itu adalah orang Muslim karena yang bersangkutan ternyata adalah koruptor.
Mengapa koruptor itu kafir? Banyak dalil Alquran dan hadis yang diajukan Muhammadiyah dan NU, yang kemudian melakukan pendekatan yang lazim dalam Ushul al-Fiqh, seperti qiyas dan mashalih al-mursalah. Intinya, koruptor itu kafir-termasuk yang beragama Islam-karena mereka mengabaikan larangan berbagai ajaran Islam tentang tidak bolehnya melakukan korupsi. Menurut kajian NU dan Muhammadiyah, secara fiqhiyah, korupsi dapat mengambil bentuk sejak dari ghulul (pencurian aset publik), hirabah (perampokan harta orang lain), risywah (suap), khiyanat (khianat), mukabarah/ghasab (pemindahan aset secara tidak sah), sariqah (pencurian), intikhab (pengutilan aset), sampai aklu suht (memakan barang haram).
Dengan landasan fiqhiyah dan metodologi Ushul Fiqh yang cukup kuat, menyebut koruptor sebagai kafir menjadi valid. Menyebut koruptor sebagai ‘kafir’ bisa menimbulkan dampak psikologis-keagamaan tertentu. Apalagi, Muhammadiyah dan NU dalam kajian fikihnya juga menyimpulkan: jika ‘koruptor’ itu beragama Islam, yang ketika ia meninggal dunia kelak, jenazahnya tidak perlu dishalatkan para pimpinan agama seperti ustaz, kiai, atau ulama umumnya. Koruptor yang kafir itu pun disebut terjauh dari surga dan, sebaliknya, bakal tenggelam ke dalam neraka. Na’udzu billah min dzalik.
Tulisan lain yang berkaitan:
950 Responses to "Koruptor Itu Kafir"
Trackbacks
Check out what others are saying about this post...Sites we Like……
[...] Every once in a while we choose blogs that we read. Listed below are the latest sites that we choose [...]……
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
Iron Man 3 Trailer…
I truly wanted to write a small comment to thank you for all the wonderful advice you are giving on this website. My prolonged internet look up has at the end been paid with professional strategies to exchange with my family members. I would express th…
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
originally commented…
When I originally commented I clicked the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and now each time a comment is added I get four emails with the same comment. Is there any way you can remove me from that service? Thanks!…
About your Website…
weldone job. you really wrote well i apreciate it and wish you all the best keep on going…
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
Websites we think you should visit…
[...]although websites we backlink to below are considerably not related to ours, we feel they are actually worth a go through, so have a look[...]……
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
Websites we think you should visit…
[...]although websites we backlink to below are considerably not related to ours, we feel they are actually worth a go through, so have a look[...]……
Sites we Like……
[...] Every once in a while we choose blogs that we read. Listed below are the latest sites that we choose [...]……
Another Title…
[...]When a end user will begin a different deal an additional interconnection was proven to your databases[...]…
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
Websites we think you should visit…
[...]although websites we backlink to below are considerably not related to ours, we feel they are actually worth a go through, so have a look[...]……
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
Bed Bath and Beyond Coupons…
http://bedbathandbeyondcoupons.me/bedbathandbeyondcoupons/...
Looking around…
I like to look in various places on the online world, often I will just go to Digg and follow thru…
Online Article……
[...]The information mentioned in the article are some of the best available [...]……
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
Wow!…
A very fascinating post….
Websites we think you should visit…
[...]although websites we backlink to below are considerably not related to ours, we feel they are actually worth a go through, so have a look[...]……
Blogs ou should be reading…
[...]Here is a Great Blog You Might Find Interesting that we Encourage You[...]……
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
Blogs ou should be reading…
[...]Here is a Great Blog You Might Find Interesting that we Encourage You[...]……
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
Sites we Like……
[...] Every once in a while we choose blogs that we read. Listed below are the latest sites that we choose [...]……
You should check this out…
[...] Wonderful story, reckoned we could combine a few unrelated data, nevertheless really worth taking a look, whoa did one learn about Mid East has got more problerms as well [...]……
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……